The Criminalization of LGBQ/GNCT Youth, California, 2014 (ICPSR 37001)
Version Date: Oct 30, 2018 View help for published
Principal Investigator(s): View help for Principal Investigator(s)
Angela Irvine, Ceres Policy Research
https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR37001.v1
Version V1
Summary View help for Summary
The researchers examined sexual-orientation and gender conformity disparities in criminalization for prostitution. The specific purpose of this study was to explore the links between family rejection, homelessness, child welfare involvement, and prostitution charges for youth in the justice system.
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Geographic Coverage View help for Geographic Coverage
Smallest Geographic Unit View help for Smallest Geographic Unit
County
Restrictions View help for Restrictions
Access to these data is restricted. Users interested in obtaining these data must complete a Restricted Data Use Agreement, specify the reasons for the request, and obtain IRB approval or notice of exemption for their research.
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Date of Collection View help for Date of Collection
Study Purpose View help for Study Purpose
The purpose of this project was to explore the links between family rejection, homelessness, child welfare involvement, and prostitution charges for youth in the justice system. By identifying and understanding the relationships among the variables in this pathway, the researchers hoped to inform targeted policy reform and interventions. From the existing literature, two key hypotheses were tested using the data.
Hypothesis #1: Home removal, running away, and homelessness increase youths' chances of being detained or incarcerated for prostitution.
Hypothesis #2: Even among the population of youth who have been removed from their homes, runaway or are homeless, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Questioning (LGBQ) and Gender Nonconforming (GNCT) youth are at a higher risk than heterosexual, gender conforming and cisgender youth of being detained or incarcerated for prostitution.
Study Design View help for Study Design
For the present study, the researchers conducted secondary analysis of survey data collected in 2014 from youth detained or incarcerated in California. Forty-six of the 48 California county probation departments that manage secure facilities collected surveys on one day between the beginning and end of the research project.
Sample View help for Sample
Respondents were youth detained prior to adjudication or incarcerated post-adjudication in county detention halls, ranches, and camps. Youth who were detained or incarcerated at the time of the survey responded to questions assessing sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, and other demographic characteristics; individuals' histories of school suspension and expulsion, child welfare system involvement, and homelessness; and the types of crimes for which they were currently detained or incarcerated.
Time Method View help for Time Method
Universe View help for Universe
Youth detained or incarcerated in California in 2014.
Unit(s) of Observation View help for Unit(s) of Observation
Data Type(s) View help for Data Type(s)
Mode of Data Collection View help for Mode of Data Collection
Description of Variables View help for Description of Variables
Variables in this collection include:
- Demographic Variables (age, race, and ethnicity)
- Variables on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
- Variables on Crime (reasons for being in juvenile detention), and
- Personal background (Suspension or Expulsion from school, kicked out of home or run away, placed in group home or foster home, become homeless)
Response Rates View help for Response Rates
The refusal rate was less than 2% in each site.
HideOriginal Release Date View help for Original Release Date
2018-10-30
Version History View help for Version History
2018-10-30 ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection:
- Created variable labels and/or value labels.
- Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.
Notes
The public-use data files in this collection are available for access by the general public. Access does not require affiliation with an ICPSR member institution.
One or more files in this data collection have special restrictions. Restricted data files are not available for direct download from the website; click on the Restricted Data button to learn more.
This dataset is maintained and distributed by the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data (NACJD), the criminal justice archive within ICPSR. NACJD is primarily sponsored by three agencies within the U.S. Department of Justice: the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, and the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.